Organic matter distribution and nutrient fluxes within a sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) stand of the Sierra de Gata, Spain

نویسنده

  • Ignacio Santa Regina
چکیده

The aboveground biomass, litterfall and its accumulation, litter weight loss due to decomposition and nutrient pools in relation to soil properties were analyzed in a Castanea sativa Mill. stand in order to better understand the recycling of elements associated with the turnover of organic matter. The aboveground biomass and the nutrient content were estimated by harvesting eight trees. In order to establish regression equations the best fit was obtained by applying the allometric method Y = aXb (Y = total aboveground biomass, X is DBH). The highest concentration of the elements was found in the foliage and decreased in the following order: leaves > branches > trunk. The elements most concentrated in the leaves were N, Mg, P and K. These concentrations fluctuated consistently throughout the phenological cycle. The leaves are the main vector of the potential return of all nutrients to the holorganic horizon, followed by flowers for N, P and Mg, branches for Ca and fruits for K. Considering both total litter and leaves separately, higher K (Jenny’s decomposition constant) and Ko (Olson’s decomposition constant) values were estimated for leaves alone than for total litter. At the end of decomposition period the loss of dry matter was 47%. The decomposition rates of leaves confined to litterbags for the first year were lower than those obtained under natural conditions (22% in the litterbags, K =0.44, Ko=0.39 under natural conditions). aboveground biomass / litterfall / nutrient return / litterbags experiment / forest ecosystem / Castanea sativa Résumé – Distribution de la matière organique et flux de nutriments dans un peuplement de châtaigniers (Castanea sativa Mill.) de la Sierra de Gata (Espagne). Pour mieux connaître le recyclage des bioéléments associés à la matière organique, on a estimé la biomasse aérienne, la production et accumulation de litière et la perte de poids à partir de sa décomposition en relation aux propriétés du sol dans une parcelle de Castanea sativa Mill. La biomasse aérienne a été estimée par récolte et pesée de huit arbres. Les meilleures corrélations ont été trouvées avec des régressions allométriques de type : Y = aXb (Y = biomasse, X = diamètre tronc à 1.30 m). La concentration d'éléments la plus élevée a été trouvée dans les feuilles et décroît dans l’ordre suivant : feuilles > branches > tronc. Les éléments les plus concentrés dans les feuilles sont N, Mg, P et K. Tout au long du cycle phénologique, on a observé une variation des concentrations. Les feuilles sont le principal vecteur du retour potentiel de tous les nutriments à un horizon holorganique, suivies par les inflorescences pour N, P et Mg, les branches pour Ca et les fruits pour K. Les index de décomposition de Jenny (K) et Olson (Ko) ont été estimés pour les feuilles seules et pour la litière totale. À la fin de la période de décomposition, la perte de poids de la matière organique atteint 47 %. L’index de décomposition des feuilles dans les sacs à la fin de la première année sont plus faibles que ceux obtenus en conditions naturelles (22 % dans les sacs, K = 0,44, K0 = 0,39 en conditions naturelles). biomasse aérienne / chute de litière / retour de nutriments / écosystème forestier / Castanea sativa Ann. For. Sci. 57 (2000) 691–700 691 © INRA, EDP Sciences * Correspondence and reprints Tel. (34) 923219606; Fax. (34) 923219609; e-mail: [email protected]

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تاریخ انتشار 2000